Page:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (1910 Kautzsch-Cowley edition).djvu/481

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(d) Object—Subject—Verb (very rarely): 2 K 5¹³, Is 5¹⁷, 28¹⁷, ψ 51⁵, Pr 13¹⁶ (read כֹּל).^[1]

(e) A substantival complement of the verb היה is placed first in Is 18⁵ וּבֹסֵר גֹּמֵל יִֽהְיֶה נִצָּה and a ripening grape the flower becometh.

[g] Rem. Of specifications compounded with a preposition those of place stand regularly after the verb, unless they are specially emphatic as e.g. Gn 19², 30¹⁶, 32⁵, Mi 5¹, Est 9¹²; in Gn 29²⁵ בְּרָחֵל with בְּ pretii precedes for the sake of emphasis. Cf., however, in Gn 35¹³ the order verb—specification of place—subject.—The remoter object precedes for the sake of emphasis, e.g. in Gn 13¹⁵ (26:3), 15:3; even before the interrogative. Gn 27³⁷ (cf. Jer 22¹⁵ where the subject precedes an interrogative, and 1 S 20⁸, Jb 34³¹ where a prepositional specification precedes). — Prepositional specifications of time, such as בְּרֵאשִׁית (Gn 1¹), בְּיוֹם, בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא, &c. (but not בָּרִֽאשֹׁנָה, nor the simple רִֽאשֹׁנָה, בַּתְּחִלָּה, לְעוֹלָם), stand, as a rule, before the verb, provided it be not in the perf. consec. or imperf. consec.; so also certain adverbs of time, such as אָז, עַתָּה, whilst others like עוֹד, תָּמִיד regularly follow the verb.

§143. The Compound Sentence.

[a] A compound sentence (§ 140 d) is formed by the juxtaposition of a subject^[2] (which always precedes, see c) and

(a) An independent noun-clause, which (a) refers to the principal subject by means of a pronoun, e.g. Na 1³ יְהֹוָה בְּסוּפָה דַרְכּוֹ the Lord—in the storm is his way; 2 S 23⁶, ψ 18³¹, 104¹⁷, 125², Ec 2¹⁴; cf. also Gn 34²³, where the predicate is an interrogative clause.—A personal pronoun is somewhat frequently used as the principal subject, e.g. Is 59²¹ וַֽאֲנִי זֹאת בְּרִיתִי אֹתָם and as for me, this is my covenant with them, &c.; Gn 9⁹, 17⁴, Is 1⁷, 1 Ch 28²;^[3] with an interrogative noun-clause, Gn 37³⁰, Jb 21⁴, 38¹⁹:—or (β) is without a retrospective suffix (in which case naturally the connexion between the subject and predicate is much looser), e.g. 1 S 20²³ and as touching the matter which, &c.... behold the Lord is between thee and me for ever; Pr 27².

↑ This sequence occurs more frequently in noun-clauses with a participial predicate, e.g. Gn 37¹⁶, 41⁹, 2 S 13⁴, &c., in interrogative sentences, e.g. 2 K 6²², Jer 7¹⁹; in all which cases the emphasized object is placed before the natural sequence of subject—predicate. [Cf. Driver, Tenses, § 208.]
↑ In Gn 31⁴⁰ a verbal-clause (הָיִ֫יתִי I was) occurs instead of the subject, and is then explained by another verbal-clause.
↑ In 1 Chr 28² (cf. also 22:7 אֲנִי הָיָה עִם־לְבָבִי) אֲנִי might also be taken as strengthening the pronominal suffix which follows (equivalent to I myself had it in my mind), as e.g. Ez 33¹⁷ whereas their own way is not equal; cf. § 135 f.

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[1] This sequence occurs more frequently in noun-clauses with a participial predicate, e.g. Gn 37¹⁶, 41⁹, 2 S 13⁴, &c., in interrogative sentences, e.g. 2 K 6²², Jer 7¹⁹; in all which cases the emphasized object is placed before the natural sequence of subject—predicate. [Cf. Driver, Tenses, § 208.]

[2] In Gn 31⁴⁰ a verbal-clause (הָיִ֫יתִי I was) occurs instead of the subject, and is then explained by another verbal-clause.

[3] In 1 Chr 28² (cf. also 22:7 אֲנִי הָיָה עִם־לְבָבִי) אֲנִי might also be taken as strengthening the pronominal suffix which follows (equivalent to I myself had it in my mind), as e.g. Ez 33¹⁷ whereas their own way is not equal; cf. § 135 f.

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