648

INDEX Caspian Sea, 12, 17, 55-56, 79, 224, 549-50 Cassel, battle of, 512 Cassian, m Cassiodorus, 119, 124-26, 163, 211 Cassius, 413 Cassius Dio, see Dio Castagno, Andrea del, 598 Castiglione, Baldassare, 594, 596 Castile, 14, 189, 273, 302-04, 366, 384, 386, 410, 434, 450, 466, 495, 522, 537, 566, 574, 630-33 Castilian language, 410 Castle, 239, 246-49, 258-59, 261, 267, 269-70, 275, 277-78, 290-91, 295, 320, 328, 337, 348, 365, 379, 404, 416, 469, 477, 534, 540, 631, 639 Castle guard, 242, 494 Catacombs, 113 Catalan language, 272-73, 399 Catalans, 357 Catalaunian Fields, battle of, 85 Catalonia, 189, 273, 303, 405, 410, 488 Cataphracti, 135 Cathari, 442-43, 448, 556 Cathay, 550, 610 Cathedral, 187, 212, 264, 297, 408, 412, chap, xxii, 434, 437, 443, 527- 28, 601-03 Cathedral chapter, 292, 298, 437, 458, 501 Cathedral schools, 375-76, 381, 437 Catherine of France, 527 Cato, 563 Caucasian race, 10 Caucasus, Gates of, 79; Mountains, 308, 344, 556 Cecrops, 62, 97 Celestine V, Pope, 503 Celibacy of the clergy, 283, 292, 375, 563, 588 Cellini, Benvenuto, 598, 613 Celtic language, literature, and learn- ing, 10, 164,222,397-98, 401, 406-07 Celts, 10, 40, 42, 164t69, 273, 397, 406, 487 Cerdagne, 634 Ceuta, 135, 188, 608, 633 Cevennes Mountains, 12, 17, 88 Ceylon, 393, 551 Chalcedon, 150, 177; Council of, 108, „ 114. 133 Chalons, 85 Chambre des Comptes, 492 Champagne, County of, 270-71, 313, 423, 438, 471, 493, 508, 625-26; fairs of, 364, 367, 372, 500 Chancellor, English, 296, 458 Chancery, Frankish, 202; Bavarian, 264; Bohemian, 552 Chanson de Roland, 200, 402-03 Chansons de geste, 402-04, 406-07, 409, 4H-I5 Chantry priests, 440 Chapels, radiating, 419; Lady, 430; repaired by St. Francis, 449; Sistine, 606-07 Charlemagne, 14, 168, 198-218, 222, 227-28, 230, 232, 238, 256, 260, 262, 268, 273, 278, 280, 295, 301, 327, 341-42, 349, 374, 399, 402-03, 474- 75, 491-93, 589 Charles Martel, 168-69, 179, 190-92, 194, 196, 198, 206, 241, 402 Charles the Great, see Charlemagne Charles the Bald, King of West Franks and Emperor, 212-13 Charles the Fat, King of East Franks and Emperor, 213, 219, 261, 266 Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor, 533, 539, 54i, 552, 559 Charles V, 15, 614, 638 Charles the Simple, King of the West Franks, 219 Charles IV, King of France, 502 Charles V, the Wise, 511, 621-22 Charles VI, 511, 524-25, 527 Charles VII, 51 1, 527-29, 573, 622-24, 627, 639 Charles VIII, 595, 626, 634-36, 640 Charles of Anjou, brother of Louis ix, 471-72, 496-97 Charles the Bad, King of Navarre, 517, 520-22 Charles of Berri, brother of Louis XI, 625-26 Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy, 616-22, 625-26, 638 Charles of Maine, 626 Charolais, 634 Charters, royal, 205, 240, 480, 490, 500, 508; of Cluny, 300; of eman- cipation, 329-30; of towns, 336, 358, 361-62, 364, 367, 372; and see Magna Carta Chartres, 270-71, 363; school of, 376, 378, 393; cathedral of, 432 Chaucer, Geoffrey, 298, 400, 516, 562, 593 Cheapside, 517 Chess, 242, 252, 392 Children, 313, 496, 510, 603, 618, 628; and see Education, Exposure of, Family Children of Israel, 322 Children's Crusade, 322, 326, 466 Chimney, invention of, 234, 249, 339, 388, 543, 587 China, 20, 34,40, 48, 56, 58, 180, 183, 185, 344, 367, 393-94. 548, 55°, 557, 608-10 Chincilla, 186