This cherry bomb is pretty powerful. Turning a tree into a stump, splinters and a small crater is powerful. Certain stone types as gravestones would still be powerful and leaving a dent that size in a steel plate is not nothing either. There is a question though: can you take the cherrybomb apart? For example by carefully cutting it open, or slowly lowering something heavy on it to crack it or something? Then you could try to modify it's shape and use it for more applications. That said:
How about defensive applications?
They would be great to throw from machicolations and over the crenelations, since you can more easily store them nearby and transport them upwards in small quantities to limit the risk of a cook-off where an accident causes many to detonate simultaneously. Any poor sod below it will get blasted.
With their explosive power they would be almost ideal against more armored creatures like a dragon or a troll wearing scaled up steel plate. Even if you can't punch through the armor the shockwave would break bones and tear tissue apart. A Dragon might be tough but if it's lungs are burst and filling with blood while most large bloodvessles are also burst and internally bleeding it's not going to last long.
They would be awesome as traps. For example you use a rope to tie a clockwork device to them, which slams a pin into the cherry and causes it to detonate. This would be a nice way to place timed explosives.
What about minefields? You place dozens if not hundreds on the ground, anchoring their stem into the ground. Then should an enemy pass through you launch arrows at them. As already mentioned you could add things like ye-oldy nails, stones and gravel on the bombs for shrapnel effect. Although the psychological effect of them detonating should deal a good blow to the morale of your enemies. Your enemies can naturally try to disarm them by firing arrows first, but that slows them down which is the point. Camouflaging them and bunching some together could also help in letting enemies walk right into a minefield, or you trick them and place fake cherrybombs somewhere and hope they spend many arrows trying to detonate them.
The bombstick: tie a cherrybomb on the end of a long stick then dare anyone to get close. It's great to have a few against a cavalry charge or to deal with an enemy Phalanx. Skirmishers are often used for quick hit&run attacks to try and halt or disorganize an enemy, and arming a few of them with Cherrybombs would be immensely powerful weapons. Get in close, throw your Cherrybomb, switch to your Javalins or whatever other missle weapon and/or melee weapon you brought with you and see if you can push farther or need to retreat.
All in all as a defensive weapon they would be best due to their size and bulk. They would be incredibly important for dealing with powerful armored creatures that would otherwise require a powerful Adventurer or magic user to beat.